Effect of Paradigms on Research Methods

Effect of Paradigms on Research Methods Each paradigm brings a unique view to research and to how reality and all of which it consists should be viewed. No paradigm is more effective than another as each looks at reality differently. Interpretivism is a paradigm which was created as an alternative to Positivism and took an alternative approach to research by encouraging the use of qualitative, in-depth data to create knowledge. The article, The Insider’s Experience of Long-Term Peer Victimisation, by Mackay, Carey and Stevens (2011), is informed by the Interpretive paradigm as it aims to understand the concept of bullying from a subjective perspective through the use of personal experience. The use of the Interpretivist paradigm influences every aspect of this research from how the topic is viewed, the purpose, how the research problem is presented, the collection of materials, how the data is analysed and displayed as well as the ethical considerations of the research. Interpretivism, similarly to other paradigms, has a unique and distinct view of the world and of how the world should be understood. Interpretivism does not accept reality as it appears at face- value. Instead this paradigm claims that reality consists of people’s subjective experiences of the external world (Terre Blanche Durrheim, Histories of the present: Social science research in context, 2006). This means that a world which is shared by everyone is experienced differently by everyone as each individual applies their own unique perspective and meaning to their experiences and actions. In order to understand this type of reality, the patterns and problems which occur in reality and even solutions to these problems; Interpretivism proposes that research explores people’s subjective experiences and actions and the meanings or reasons they attach to these actions and experiences. In order to conduct research through the Interpretivist paradigm, the researcher must also take a unique stance to reality and to the subjects in the research. The researcher is required to be open and empathetic. Empathy involves attempting to view the beliefs and experiences of other as they themselves would view or experience them. Therefore, the use of empathy will allow for the researcher to fully understand the individual’s subjective experience and the meaning they attached to the experience. Empathy and understanding of the subjective experience can be achieved through the Qualitative methodologies which Interpretivism uses. These methodologies create a subjective relationship between the researcher and the participant which allows the researcher to interpret the data at a deeper, involved level and to form ideas from the interpretations in a mutually – constructed manner (Mottier, 2005). Ultimately, it is important to emphasise that the way the Interpretivist p aradigm sees reality, the way the researcher engages in the research and the various research methods used by this paradigm all work simultaneously and influence the research in order to answer the research question in a particular, desired way. The topic of the study is usually the first part of the research which is decided upon. How the researchers wish to study and understand the topic, however, is influenced by the research paradigm, â€Å"Paradigms are all-encompassing systems of interrelated practise and thinking that define for the researcher the nature of their enquiry† (Terre Blanche Durrheim, Histories of the present: Social science research in context, 2006, p. 6). The topic of the article by Mackay, Carey and Stevens (2011) revolves around bullying and the experience of bullying. The researchers have chosen to look at the experiences of bullying which requires them to look into the data deeply as the experience of bullying is not simple but an extremely personal experience which has many complex layers and effects to understand. Through this topic, the influence of the chosen paradigm, Interpretivism, begins to immerge. Kelliher (2005) states that Interpretivism is based on the assumption that if people are studied according to their social context, there is a greater chance of understanding the meanings associated with and perceptions they have of their experiences and actions. Therefore, the interpretivist paradigm is perfectly suited to study and understand the concept of bullying as a social action and a social problem experienced by individuals. This is because this paradigm focuses on the meanings underpinning human actions and associated with human experience (Kelliher, 2005). Ultimately, it is clear that how the topic is being viewed and researched is influenced by the Interpretivist paradigm as the researchers have chosen to study bullying in an in-depth manner and to view it from a subjective or personal perspective in order to understand bullying in its entirety. The paradigm informing the research also has an effect on the purpose of the research as the paradigm indicates what type of questions are asked about the topic and the purpose of the research is to ensure that these questions are answered. This idea is supported by Durheim (2006) who states that although the paradigm does not directly define the purpose of the research, it provides a guiding framework for the purpose of the research. The article states that the overall purpose of this research is to improve the understanding of bullying through the personal experiences of bullying victims who have experienced long- term victimization (Mackay, Carey, Stevens, 2011). The research is however divided into three sub-questions or purposes in order to gain a full representation of bullying. The first purpose of the research is to understand the victims’ perspectives of what factors contributed to bullying while the second purpose aims to understand the why the victims allow themselves to be continuously subjected to the bullying. The third purpose of the research is to provide information on and discuss various treatments and interventions of bullying. All of these research aims rely heavily on the personal opinions and experiences of the victims. Thus it is evident that Interpretivism plays an indirect role in the formation and fulfilment of these research purposes. This is because these purposes have a qualitative, interpretivist nature as they require the researcher to delve into the experiences of the individuals. Therefore only Interpretative, qualitative methods focusing on individual’s personal experiences can thoroughly and correctly fulfil these purposes. The collection of material in research typically involves the type of sample and participants used, the sampling methods and the methodology used to collect data from this sample group. The methodology used within Interpretivist contains various Qualitative methods which are clearly employed in the research conducted by Mackay, Carey and Stevens (2011). These interpretivist methodologies had a great impact on the type and number of participants used, how the participants were selected and how the data was retrieved. The participants used in this research had to be victims of bullying and had to have experienced bullying for the majority of the school year. These specifications of the participants are undoubtedly influenced by the Interpretivist nature of the research which aims to understand the subjective experiences of individuals and therefore, the research specifically requires the participants to have subjective experiences of bullying which can be analysed and interpreted. The sample population size used in this research was also influenced by the Interpretivist nature of the research. Only three participants, one female aged eleven and two males aged twelve and fifteen were selected to take part in the research (Mackay, Carey, Stevens, 2011). This is due to the fact that Interpretivism only needs a small amount of participants in order to achieve a meaningful, ethnographic inquiry. This small sample is also influenced by the type of interpretive data analysis which is used, namely Interp retive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). IPA requires an even smaller sample sizes than typical interpretivist research as it analyses the cases of the participants in intense detail rather than using many participants to form generalizations, â€Å"The detailed case-by-case analysis of individual transcripts takes a long time, and the aim of the study is to say something in detail about the perceptions and understandings of this particular group† (Smith Osborn, 2007 , p. 55). Thus, it is clear through the extremely small sample population, that Interpretivism and IPA have had an impact on the number of participants decided to be used. The interpretivist nature of the research requires the research to rely heavily on the participants and their experiences and therefore these participants should be selected extremely carefully (Scotland, 2012). The size of the sample population and the specifications of this population greatly affect the type of sampling used in the research. In the case of this research, only a small sample population, who had personal experiences of being bullied, was needed. Therefore, purposive sampling was used to meticulously select these types of participants. Purposive sampling is the typical sampling method used for interpretive research as it allows for a particular group of participants, for which the research question will significant, to be chosen (Smith Osborn, 2007 ). Ultimately, the use of purposive sampling was influenced by the Interpretivist nature of the research as it allowed for the perfect sample population to be selected. The method of data collection is also an aspect of research which is undoubtedly influenced by the paradigm informing the research. Interpretivist research primarily focuses on using the power of ordinary language and expression in order to understand the social world (Terre Blanche, Kelly, Durrheim, 2006). This is achieved through Interpretivist data collection methodologies which are flexiable and yeild indepth, qualitative data; for example interviews, focus groups, observations and role-playing (Scotland, 2012). The semi- structured interview, which is used in Mackay, Carey and Steven’s (2011) research, is a common type of data collection method informed by the Interpretivist paradigm. This is because a semi- structured interview allows insight on behaviours to surface and also aids in explaining actions and experiences from the individual’s perspectives which is the primary goal of this research. Scotland (2012) further states that semi- structured interviews are unique as they allow the participant to freely express themselves and for the participant to delve deeper into their story. In Mackay, Carey and Steven’s (2011) article semi- structured interviews are used precisely for this purpose as the research requires the method of data collection to be able to get the particpant to reveal intimite details of their victimization and also to allow for important areas of the topic to be probed. The quote, â€Å"if it gets bad, the teacher will actually say the names of the bullies, and they get really embarrassed †¦ So that usually keeps them down for a few days. Which is a relief for me†, in the article taken from a participants interview cis just one example that shows how the particpant was able to explain and express their feelings around their experience through the interview. The paradigm informing the research instructs the research to use certain participants, collect certain data in a certain way and therefore it also instructs the research on how this data must be analysed. In Mackay, Carey and Steven’s (2011) research, the Interpretivist paradigm has influenced the use of the Interpretive technique, Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), in order to analyse the data in manner which will yield the results needed. Generally, IPA is used to examine how individuals interpret their world and their experiences and attempts to understand the meaning of these interpretations and experiences. When researching a specfic topics such as bullying, IPA focuses on attempting to understand what the individual believes and feels about the topic and how they have personally experienced the topic and ultimately transforms this information into themes (Chapman Smith, 2002). The use of IPA is clearly seen through the results of the research which used how the individuals described their experiences to generate themes of why the victims felt they were bullied. An example of this is seen through the theme, ‘being different’ which emerged from the interpretive analysis of the victims’ statements such as, â€Å"they tease me about being [name]’s friend, because she’s different† and â€Å"They tease me about being different, because I care for my brother†(Mackay, Carey, Stevens, 2011). IPA is also distinct from other Interpretivist research as it understands that the researcher plays an active role in data analysis as they interpret the participants’ interpretation of their experiences in order to reveal patterns and themes in the data (Smith Osborn, 2007 ). The use of this interpretive technique is evident in the research by Mackay, Carey and Steven (2011) as the researchers regularly discussed the emerging themes throughout the data analysis process in order to assure that they each found were related to the experience of the individual. Thus, the influence if the interpretive paradigm is seen in the data analysis of the research as it allowed for the use of IPA to generate themes. IPA was specifically needed in order to completely understand and interpret the individuals’ experiences but also allowed for themes to be formed based on these three experiences. In Mackay, Carey and Steven’s (2011) research, the way in which the themes and findings were presented was based on the interpretive nature of the research. Through the use of IPA, the superordinate themes, ‘experience of victimization’ and ‘Strategies’ and their subthemes were generated and were presented in a very simple thematic table (Mackay, Carey, Stevens, 2011). Typical to interpretive research, the thematic table containing the superordinate and subordinate themes is then explained and the themes are described in depth and are supported with statements made by the participant (Chapman Smith, 2002). An example of this is seen when discussing the bullying policy at school which was discovered through the research to be inefficient and was support by statements such as, â€Å"Yeah they had a bullying policy, but nobody abided by it.† (Mackay, Carey, Stevens, 2011). Terre Blanche, Kelly, and Durrheim, (2006) further state that Interpreti ve techniques in communicating research findings make use of â€Å"evocative language† which is strong language used to bring about images or feelings (p. 274). In the results of this research the use of descriptions stating that the vicitms had, â€Å"only one or two friends† and that there was an â€Å"unwillingness of teachers to suspend bullies† creates an image of the problem and consequences of the bullying being experienced by the participants. Ultimately, the influence of the Interpretivist paradigm is evident through the thematic table and various linguistic techniques used to discuss the results of the research.

Psychology of nature and nurture debate Essay

The nature and nurture debate investigates the importance of individual natural characteristics and personal experience in explaining the causes in difference in physical behavior. Then the question is; is nature more influential than nurture or vice versa. The debate explains that some behavioral traits are acquired naturally while others are acquired from experience. Physical characteristics are known to be hereditary while individual’s behavior and personality is genetic. The debate has never created boundaries yet on what within us is described by the DNA and what part is through life experience, though it’s obvious that both play great roles in molding us. The nature theory of human development states that the way people behave and think is due to genetic hereditary while the nurture theory according to scientist, the way people think and behave is as result of education; they were are trained to do. Both the theories are correct in explaining the development of human beings; â€Å"nature provides us with inborn traits and abilities and nurture takes the genetic tendencies and molds them as people learn and mature†(Fausto, 1992 p, 269). This is not the end of debate but scientists are ever trying to determine what percentage of we is molded by genes and how much by environment. Biological explanations associate human behavior with â€Å"brain structure hormones or genes†. Development of brain structure is influenced by hormones which are instructed by genes, hence our behavior are genetically molded. In some senses the exact opposite of biological essentialism is the notion that the individual is a vessel waiting for culture and environment to fill it† (Dyer, 1977 p, 330). Socialist believes that human conduct is social in origin, that is individuals learn everything from environment as they mature. Gender difference is due to training and social forces with only sex difference being inborn. Gender difference is the biological and physiological aspects of males and female that makes each group distinct from the other in all species. The gender difference in human beings could be as result of nature or environmental influence (nurture). Every time a baby is born, everybody would ask whether, a boy or a girl. This is to say that gender difference is evidenced from birth. The biological difference is associated with nature while the physiological difference in male and female is attributed to nurture. Psychologists believe that gender is influenced by environment; the way our parent, friends and relative treats us. â€Å"Our gender is consequences of the nurture we receive as children† (Deaux, 1993 p, 126). Some human attributes are nature created (physical body), others are due to nurture (naming people) while others are either natural or environmentally caused. Many theories explain differently on the causes of the difference between women and men. Evolutionary theory of sex suggests that the gender difference has long way ranging from generation inheritance and environmental variability. The gender theory advocates that boys and girls grown in different families and cultures thus they learn much on behaviors and attitude from their families and society, hence gender difference are outcome of socialization. Therefore we can conclude that gender difference is partially due to nature and to some extend environmentally instigated. From biblical readings, we learn that gender difference is God’s creation since he created a man and a woman in his likeness. Some feminist believe that gender difference is as result of discrimination of society against the female gender. Over time women have been oppressed, discriminated and harassed in many cultures. Men and women differ from each other in skills behavior and attitudes. Most cultures have molded men and women in different forms with some cultures viewing men being great than women although this views are changing with socialization. Gender difference, is evidenced as people mature and grow under various environments. Various studies show that there in greater difference between men and women in places of work, abilities and adaptations to situations. You will find that in schools boys are better than girls in certain subjects such mathematics. Researchers believe this is due to ability of student but not gender issues as it is thought to be. According to sociologist men are more aggressive, physically strong and are more likely to take risks than women. As result of men risk taking tendency you will find that their jobs are more risky than those of women. â€Å"Men are more aggression than women† (Secherpr& Constantine, 1993) and men are likely to show their aggression physically than women. Some researches show that women are also aggressive but tend to show their aggression in less physical ways. In most case you find that more men are convicted in crimes especially crime with violence than women. In communication men tend to talk less in public than women. Men are shy when it comes to talking g while facing each other; that is, men to men and women to women perspective. It has been generalized that women are; emotionally expressive and responsive, more sensible to others feelings and pay a lot of attention on their bodies. Women also express more love, fear and sadness, laugh and smile more and â€Å"anticipate negative consequences for expressing hunger† (Kreeger, 2000 p, 25). On other hand men have been generalized to; express more anger, control their feelings and try to content with their feelings. Many studies have been carried out on gender difference when expressing emotions in different cultures. The difference according to many is attributed to different â€Å"social roles that women and men play in their society† (Maccoby & Jacklin, 1974), status and power each group hold in their cultures. â€Å"Popular stereotype has it that women are more emotional than men† (Lippa, 2005 p, 24). Emotions people express is usually due to their relationship and interactions. Men and women tend to express varying degrees of emotions when under certain situation. Male players’ displays more masculine emotions while female players express feminine emotions† (Shields, 2000 p, 4). Women are more likely to identify others emotions fast than men. Researchers suggest that, this woman ability is more innate than caused by socialization. â€Å"Women are more accurate than men in judging emotions meaning from nonverbal cues than men† (Lippa, 2005). Nonverbal expressions include looking on eyes, lips and eyebrows. Some scientists believe this difference is due to biological explanations while others suggest it as result of organizations of roles in the society. In fact, many researches finds have found very small differences† (Deaux, 1993 p, 126). Our bodies display many biological differences in mind both in metabolism and genetic expressions. Again it’s true that there is great difference between men and women in modern society, therefore these differences should not be basis for isolation of certain group. Even though, there exist gender difference in our societies every woman is expected to behave like woman and men as men.

Expresso Espresso Essay

The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers â€Å"Coffee and kiosks†. In 1979 there were approximately 250 specialty coffee retailers. The number quadrupled by 1989 to approx 1000 outlets, and it exploded to roughly 15000 by 2002. Nationally, specialty coffee sales totaled over $ 10 billion in 2005. For specialty coffee beverage services, including coffee, espresso, tea, chai and granite the leading drinks in 2004 were espresso-based beverages with average with an average of $50395/store. The second best selling drinks were drip-brewed coffee beverages at $ 333336 / Store, and the third were cold and iced coffee beverages with an average of $22061 / Store. b- The Industry According to the national coffee association, 54 % of adults in America consumed coffee daily, with over 18 % buying specialty coffee beverages. Specialty coffee buyers were generally more affluent, well educated, and worked in urban areas. Research indicates that individuals with college degrees purchased almost 50 % more specialty coffee more than those without college degrees. The link to education was even greater for people with some postgraduate education. In addition to education, households with two working parents and kids were more likely to purchase specialty coffee. Accordingly the market was an educated urban resident with disposable income to spend on fine coffee. 1- Rival of competitors Starbucks cooperation was the premier coffee retailer in the USA. Industry analysis generally credited it for popularizing specialty coffee and legitimizing higher drink prices. Starbucks expect revenues to grow 20 % / year and to increase its dominating 40 % market share. Starbucks has strong profits and cash flow that it planned to use to open company owned and licensed stores domestically and abroad. Diedrich coffee roasted and sold various brands of coffee through company retail stores and through  distributors, restaurants, mail order, and specialty stores. It is a company with revenue of 52.5 M in 2005 with growth 3 % more than 2004. Caribou coffee went public in 2005 reporting sales of $ 191 M in 2005. The firm expects to add 40 new outlets in 2005 and another 130 in 2006. Coffee Beanery was a franchise; with over 200 branches in 2005 expect 40 new stores in 2006. Peet coffee & Tea was another competitor with 111 retail stores. Also there were large restaurants trying to fin d ways to capitalize on the specialty coffee industry i.e.: Macdonalds, Krisspy, Dunkin, Donuts †¦.. 2- Threat of substitute product As mentioned above, the specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue. 3- Bargaining power of Suppliers There is no mention of suppliers in the case 4- Threat of new entrants Entering the market requires heavy investment in establishing a name and make lots of outlets. It is a growing market with lots of pioneers that can make branches anywhere and threat the other chain in there selling areas. 5- Bargaining power of buyers There is a threat of bargaining power of buyers as there is a lot of competitors, which give the choice to convert from one chain to another. Moreover, chains are working strongly in the promotion, price, opening branches everywhere, developing the product, and cares regarding quality. It is a hard competition. c- The Organization The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers â€Å"Coffee and kiosks†. In 1979 there were approximately 250 specialty coffee retailers. The number quadrupled by 1989 to approx 1000 outlets, and it exploded to roughly 15000 by 2002. Nationally, specialty coffee sales totaled over $ 10 billion in 2005. For specialty coffee beverage services, including coffee, espresso, tea, chai and granite the leading drinks in 2004 were espresso-based beverages with average with an  average of $50395/store. The second best selling drinks were drip-brewed coffee beverages at $ 333336 / Store, and the third were cold and iced coffee beverages with an average of $22061 / Store. d- The marketing strategy 1- Product Todd tried to remain the purist in developing his product. He preferred to make fresh drinks from Espresso instead of drip-brewed coffee although it is less cost. Expresso menu offered traditional European style which is half caramel and half chocolate. Todd was following starbucks new product developments since people use to come and ask him for the same. i.e.; green tea cappuccino, iced tea, spiced cappuccino, pumpkin cappuccino and eggnog cappuccino. In addition to traditional coffee drinks, the shop also sold teas, smoothies and muffins, lemon bars, cookies and brownies. Todd did not present sandwiches or soups. Also he presented retail items such as T-shirts and coffee mugs with humorous coffee related sayings on them. 2- Prices Todd went looking at everyone else’s prices. He made sure that his prices were 10 % lower than any competitor. He believed that having a low price was important in attracting new customers. 3- Promotion Todd offered product with prices 10 % less than competitors as he thinks it is more direct than using a â€Å"buyer cards† used by competitors. He says to customers â€Å"Our prices are already 10 % lower than everybody so I am giving you a discount now† Other promotion, Expresso Espresso advertised on the local radio station that Todd believed it had a strong student’s audience. In addition the company placed ads in the campus. Flyers typically showed the menu and contained a 10 % off coupons. Another promotion idea , Todd was having live music. Band play was on Fridays and Saturdays nights during summer. 4- Publicity Todd created a policy whereby he would give away all tips. A huge coffee cup sat on the front counter with a sign indicating the charity of the week. Todd would collect whatever people chose to give and pass it on to good cause. The local paper considered this approach so novel that it ran an article on the practice. Customers had the opportunity to help others as they treated themselves. This had a considerable Feel good value for those participating. e- Primary Problem The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers â€Å"Coffee and kiosks†. f- Secondary Problem There is a huge competition, and competitors such as Starbucks and other big companies are getting outlets everywhere expanding to get a higher market share. Expresso Espresso got another competitor â€Å"Satori Coffee House† half a mile away, also Carpe Diem is another competitor near to it, third one is Daily Gring which is very near to the University of South Alabama, Beaners is a franchise operation competing with Expresso Espresso. Perhaps the competitor that worried Todd the most was Starbucks. It is located in the busiest road in Mobil, which announced plans to build a drive through store on old shell road about 400 feet east of Expresso Espresso. Todd was concerned that Starbucks would take customers from Expresso’s drive through window. g- Alternative Solutions The importance of complete the order within 45 sec. for the drive through. The consistent of serving high quality drinks, although the expensive ingredients they put but better taste. The kitchen should support making items like breakfast foods and sandwiches; expected spending on kitchen development can increase by 30% of fixed asset. The expected increase in sales would be from 15 to 20% as of the increase in the current market. Todd must start work in financials to understand what sales he need to reach profitability. Keep invest in advertising and PR.

Television And The Internet Advertising - 1427 Words

Television and the internet ads on use of marijuana Rhetorical Analysis Television and the internet is a good channel of passing the messages about the adverse effects of the use of marijuana. The office of the National Drug Control Policy is an American government action which depends on safeguards the health of the people of America. The above the influence initiative is a program of the not-for-profit Partnership at Drugfree.org. Their overall goal is to help teens reject negative influences of drug and alcohol. The initiative is a friendly site for the youths since it uses favorable language and identifies with the youth s lifestyle while trying to change it. Drug abuse affects everyone in the society from the young to the old. However, in recent years, the abuse of marijuana has majorly been linked to teens. Is because of the peer-pressure that spreads at an alarming rate. In the current digital world, youths are looking for information over the internet, as opposed to hard copy newspapers and magazines. The internet or the TV is mostly used by tee ns and adults in looking for new information. Advertisers on the internet compete to catch the eye of the readers. I choose two advertisements that warn people not to smoke the marijuana. The two advertisements are on the office of the National Drug Control Policy advertisement, and the other is an â€Å"above the influence. The two sites have different audiences with the latter have more appeal for the youths.Show MoreRelated‚Äà ºMass Media (Television, the Internet, Advertising) Influence Youth Too Much Nowadays.‚Äà ¹ to What Extent Is This True?794 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Mass media (television, the internet, advertising) influence youth too much nowadays.† To what extent is this true? In the recent years, the prevalence of mass media has been undeniable. All over the world, youths have access to mass media through their smartphones, television sets and computers. In such a media-driven world, it is no surprise that mass media has come to play a substantial role in the attitudes and mindsets of youth. To a large extent, mass media does have the power to influenceRead MoreThe Most Effective Form of Media Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe Most Effective Form of Media There are many different types of media. The media is things like: televisions, newspapers, magazines, radio, internet, cinema, phones and many more. Media is important because it influences people to buy products. They are very affective and appeal to many people. Adverts are things that show certain products and try to get you to buy them. The purpose of adverts is to make you buy the products being advertised so they can make a profitRead MoreAdvertising : Teens And Advertising1099 Words   |  5 Pages Ahumareze Paula 1358 English 101 M. Gonzalez Project 3: Research November 17, 2014 Word count: 872 Abstract word count: 102 TEENS AND ADVERTISING Abstract: companies have to sell their products. In order for them to, they have targeted a particular group of people which are teens. Advertisers know teens are very vulnerable, and want to be seen as â€Å"cool† and for these companies to sell their product, they (advertisers) paint this unrealistic image of a teenager, in their (teens) heads. They (advertisers)Read More Internet Advertising Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages Internet Advertising Internet Advertising is the way of the future and it is very evident since many companies and businesses have their own web sites and advertisements are located all over the World Wide Web. The Internet or World Wide Web is quickly becoming the most effective way for a business to advertise their products or services to customers. Web sites such as search engines or small sites that sell advertisement space for sponsoring are profiting highly from the increase of advertisingRead MoreAdvantages Of Using The Internet1214 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are some differences between the internet and more traditional media? What are some advantages and disadvantages of using the internet in advertising? Describe the main types of promotion used on the internet (both traditional and newer types). (20 points) Some differences between the internet and more traditional media is that internet offers the marketer ability to receive feedback and a more direct link to the consumer, as well as giving the marketer easier access to trends and competitionRead MorePortable Digitial Devices for Adolescents Essay709 Words   |  3 PagesAs technology rapidly increases, simply viewing the effects of television programming on adolescent children does not truly advise parents and educationalists about the effects of portable digital devices, such as smart phones, tablets, and MP3 players. The rise of these digital platforms is ambiguous and new investigations are needed in regards to a child’s ability and use for these technologies. One may infer that several complications may arise from children being educated in an environmentRead MoreAdvertising Medi An Important Aspect966 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to advertising, the advertising media is an important aspect. Advertising media â⠂¬Å"are the various means by which the message is communicated to the target market† (Perrault, Cannon, McCarthy, 2013). There are several aspects that an advertiser must consider when choosing the best advertising medium to use, which can change depending on the situation. One way that advertisers can ensure effectiveness in terms of their advertising media is to make sure that they give careful considerationRead MoreThe History of Advertising and Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern Advertising Techniques1744 Words   |  7 Pagesdaily papers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax, and internet. Media is now divided into two which are the traditional media and new media. The traditional media includes newspapers, books, magazines, TV, and radio while the new media includes the internet. Advertising is one example of information that is being spread to the mass audience through media. According to the dictionary, advertising is the paid, one-way marketing of giving information to the mass audience throughRead MoreNew Trends in Advertising1638 Words   |  7 Pages   II. INTRODUCTION    Advertising is a form of communication intended to persuade its viewers, readers or listeners to take some action. It usually includes the name of a product or service and how that product or service could benefit the consumer, to persuade potential customers, to purchase or to consume that particular brand. Different types of media can be used to deliver these messages, including traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and billboards.    But the trendsRead MoreBud Light s Current Advertising Strategy1623 Words   |  7 PagesBud Light’s Current Advertising Strategy Bud Light has always been known for its extensive marketing campaigns; however, these campaigns come with a large price tag. Anheuser-Busch spent nearly $250 million in 2013 to promote and advertise the Bud Light brand, more than $100 million more than Miller Light, who had the second highest advertising expenditures (Johnson 34). Bud Light’s most recent promotion has been targeted toward Millennials and has been dubbed â€Å"WhateverUSA.† Bud Light took