Psychology of nature and nurture debate Essay

The nature and nurture debate investigates the importance of individual natural characteristics and personal experience in explaining the causes in difference in physical behavior. Then the question is; is nature more influential than nurture or vice versa. The debate explains that some behavioral traits are acquired naturally while others are acquired from experience. Physical characteristics are known to be hereditary while individual’s behavior and personality is genetic. The debate has never created boundaries yet on what within us is described by the DNA and what part is through life experience, though it’s obvious that both play great roles in molding us. The nature theory of human development states that the way people behave and think is due to genetic hereditary while the nurture theory according to scientist, the way people think and behave is as result of education; they were are trained to do. Both the theories are correct in explaining the development of human beings; â€Å"nature provides us with inborn traits and abilities and nurture takes the genetic tendencies and molds them as people learn and mature†(Fausto, 1992 p, 269). This is not the end of debate but scientists are ever trying to determine what percentage of we is molded by genes and how much by environment. Biological explanations associate human behavior with â€Å"brain structure hormones or genes†. Development of brain structure is influenced by hormones which are instructed by genes, hence our behavior are genetically molded. In some senses the exact opposite of biological essentialism is the notion that the individual is a vessel waiting for culture and environment to fill it† (Dyer, 1977 p, 330). Socialist believes that human conduct is social in origin, that is individuals learn everything from environment as they mature. Gender difference is due to training and social forces with only sex difference being inborn. Gender difference is the biological and physiological aspects of males and female that makes each group distinct from the other in all species. The gender difference in human beings could be as result of nature or environmental influence (nurture). Every time a baby is born, everybody would ask whether, a boy or a girl. This is to say that gender difference is evidenced from birth. The biological difference is associated with nature while the physiological difference in male and female is attributed to nurture. Psychologists believe that gender is influenced by environment; the way our parent, friends and relative treats us. â€Å"Our gender is consequences of the nurture we receive as children† (Deaux, 1993 p, 126). Some human attributes are nature created (physical body), others are due to nurture (naming people) while others are either natural or environmentally caused. Many theories explain differently on the causes of the difference between women and men. Evolutionary theory of sex suggests that the gender difference has long way ranging from generation inheritance and environmental variability. The gender theory advocates that boys and girls grown in different families and cultures thus they learn much on behaviors and attitude from their families and society, hence gender difference are outcome of socialization. Therefore we can conclude that gender difference is partially due to nature and to some extend environmentally instigated. From biblical readings, we learn that gender difference is God’s creation since he created a man and a woman in his likeness. Some feminist believe that gender difference is as result of discrimination of society against the female gender. Over time women have been oppressed, discriminated and harassed in many cultures. Men and women differ from each other in skills behavior and attitudes. Most cultures have molded men and women in different forms with some cultures viewing men being great than women although this views are changing with socialization. Gender difference, is evidenced as people mature and grow under various environments. Various studies show that there in greater difference between men and women in places of work, abilities and adaptations to situations. You will find that in schools boys are better than girls in certain subjects such mathematics. Researchers believe this is due to ability of student but not gender issues as it is thought to be. According to sociologist men are more aggressive, physically strong and are more likely to take risks than women. As result of men risk taking tendency you will find that their jobs are more risky than those of women. â€Å"Men are more aggression than women† (Secherpr& Constantine, 1993) and men are likely to show their aggression physically than women. Some researches show that women are also aggressive but tend to show their aggression in less physical ways. In most case you find that more men are convicted in crimes especially crime with violence than women. In communication men tend to talk less in public than women. Men are shy when it comes to talking g while facing each other; that is, men to men and women to women perspective. It has been generalized that women are; emotionally expressive and responsive, more sensible to others feelings and pay a lot of attention on their bodies. Women also express more love, fear and sadness, laugh and smile more and â€Å"anticipate negative consequences for expressing hunger† (Kreeger, 2000 p, 25). On other hand men have been generalized to; express more anger, control their feelings and try to content with their feelings. Many studies have been carried out on gender difference when expressing emotions in different cultures. The difference according to many is attributed to different â€Å"social roles that women and men play in their society† (Maccoby & Jacklin, 1974), status and power each group hold in their cultures. â€Å"Popular stereotype has it that women are more emotional than men† (Lippa, 2005 p, 24). Emotions people express is usually due to their relationship and interactions. Men and women tend to express varying degrees of emotions when under certain situation. Male players’ displays more masculine emotions while female players express feminine emotions† (Shields, 2000 p, 4). Women are more likely to identify others emotions fast than men. Researchers suggest that, this woman ability is more innate than caused by socialization. â€Å"Women are more accurate than men in judging emotions meaning from nonverbal cues than men† (Lippa, 2005). Nonverbal expressions include looking on eyes, lips and eyebrows. Some scientists believe this difference is due to biological explanations while others suggest it as result of organizations of roles in the society. In fact, many researches finds have found very small differences† (Deaux, 1993 p, 126). Our bodies display many biological differences in mind both in metabolism and genetic expressions. Again it’s true that there is great difference between men and women in modern society, therefore these differences should not be basis for isolation of certain group. Even though, there exist gender difference in our societies every woman is expected to behave like woman and men as men.

Expresso Espresso Essay

The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers â€Å"Coffee and kiosks†. In 1979 there were approximately 250 specialty coffee retailers. The number quadrupled by 1989 to approx 1000 outlets, and it exploded to roughly 15000 by 2002. Nationally, specialty coffee sales totaled over $ 10 billion in 2005. For specialty coffee beverage services, including coffee, espresso, tea, chai and granite the leading drinks in 2004 were espresso-based beverages with average with an average of $50395/store. The second best selling drinks were drip-brewed coffee beverages at $ 333336 / Store, and the third were cold and iced coffee beverages with an average of $22061 / Store. b- The Industry According to the national coffee association, 54 % of adults in America consumed coffee daily, with over 18 % buying specialty coffee beverages. Specialty coffee buyers were generally more affluent, well educated, and worked in urban areas. Research indicates that individuals with college degrees purchased almost 50 % more specialty coffee more than those without college degrees. The link to education was even greater for people with some postgraduate education. In addition to education, households with two working parents and kids were more likely to purchase specialty coffee. Accordingly the market was an educated urban resident with disposable income to spend on fine coffee. 1- Rival of competitors Starbucks cooperation was the premier coffee retailer in the USA. Industry analysis generally credited it for popularizing specialty coffee and legitimizing higher drink prices. Starbucks expect revenues to grow 20 % / year and to increase its dominating 40 % market share. Starbucks has strong profits and cash flow that it planned to use to open company owned and licensed stores domestically and abroad. Diedrich coffee roasted and sold various brands of coffee through company retail stores and through  distributors, restaurants, mail order, and specialty stores. It is a company with revenue of 52.5 M in 2005 with growth 3 % more than 2004. Caribou coffee went public in 2005 reporting sales of $ 191 M in 2005. The firm expects to add 40 new outlets in 2005 and another 130 in 2006. Coffee Beanery was a franchise; with over 200 branches in 2005 expect 40 new stores in 2006. Peet coffee & Tea was another competitor with 111 retail stores. Also there were large restaurants trying to fin d ways to capitalize on the specialty coffee industry i.e.: Macdonalds, Krisspy, Dunkin, Donuts †¦.. 2- Threat of substitute product As mentioned above, the specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue. 3- Bargaining power of Suppliers There is no mention of suppliers in the case 4- Threat of new entrants Entering the market requires heavy investment in establishing a name and make lots of outlets. It is a growing market with lots of pioneers that can make branches anywhere and threat the other chain in there selling areas. 5- Bargaining power of buyers There is a threat of bargaining power of buyers as there is a lot of competitors, which give the choice to convert from one chain to another. Moreover, chains are working strongly in the promotion, price, opening branches everywhere, developing the product, and cares regarding quality. It is a hard competition. c- The Organization The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers â€Å"Coffee and kiosks†. In 1979 there were approximately 250 specialty coffee retailers. The number quadrupled by 1989 to approx 1000 outlets, and it exploded to roughly 15000 by 2002. Nationally, specialty coffee sales totaled over $ 10 billion in 2005. For specialty coffee beverage services, including coffee, espresso, tea, chai and granite the leading drinks in 2004 were espresso-based beverages with average with an  average of $50395/store. The second best selling drinks were drip-brewed coffee beverages at $ 333336 / Store, and the third were cold and iced coffee beverages with an average of $22061 / Store. d- The marketing strategy 1- Product Todd tried to remain the purist in developing his product. He preferred to make fresh drinks from Espresso instead of drip-brewed coffee although it is less cost. Expresso menu offered traditional European style which is half caramel and half chocolate. Todd was following starbucks new product developments since people use to come and ask him for the same. i.e.; green tea cappuccino, iced tea, spiced cappuccino, pumpkin cappuccino and eggnog cappuccino. In addition to traditional coffee drinks, the shop also sold teas, smoothies and muffins, lemon bars, cookies and brownies. Todd did not present sandwiches or soups. Also he presented retail items such as T-shirts and coffee mugs with humorous coffee related sayings on them. 2- Prices Todd went looking at everyone else’s prices. He made sure that his prices were 10 % lower than any competitor. He believed that having a low price was important in attracting new customers. 3- Promotion Todd offered product with prices 10 % less than competitors as he thinks it is more direct than using a â€Å"buyer cards† used by competitors. He says to customers â€Å"Our prices are already 10 % lower than everybody so I am giving you a discount now† Other promotion, Expresso Espresso advertised on the local radio station that Todd believed it had a strong student’s audience. In addition the company placed ads in the campus. Flyers typically showed the menu and contained a 10 % off coupons. Another promotion idea , Todd was having live music. Band play was on Fridays and Saturdays nights during summer. 4- Publicity Todd created a policy whereby he would give away all tips. A huge coffee cup sat on the front counter with a sign indicating the charity of the week. Todd would collect whatever people chose to give and pass it on to good cause. The local paper considered this approach so novel that it ran an article on the practice. Customers had the opportunity to help others as they treated themselves. This had a considerable Feel good value for those participating. e- Primary Problem The specialty coffee industry had seen steady growth for years and the trend was expected to continue until at least 2015. Of the various segments within the specialty coffee industry, most of the growth was attributable to beverage retailers â€Å"Coffee and kiosks†. f- Secondary Problem There is a huge competition, and competitors such as Starbucks and other big companies are getting outlets everywhere expanding to get a higher market share. Expresso Espresso got another competitor â€Å"Satori Coffee House† half a mile away, also Carpe Diem is another competitor near to it, third one is Daily Gring which is very near to the University of South Alabama, Beaners is a franchise operation competing with Expresso Espresso. Perhaps the competitor that worried Todd the most was Starbucks. It is located in the busiest road in Mobil, which announced plans to build a drive through store on old shell road about 400 feet east of Expresso Espresso. Todd was concerned that Starbucks would take customers from Expresso’s drive through window. g- Alternative Solutions The importance of complete the order within 45 sec. for the drive through. The consistent of serving high quality drinks, although the expensive ingredients they put but better taste. The kitchen should support making items like breakfast foods and sandwiches; expected spending on kitchen development can increase by 30% of fixed asset. The expected increase in sales would be from 15 to 20% as of the increase in the current market. Todd must start work in financials to understand what sales he need to reach profitability. Keep invest in advertising and PR.

Television And The Internet Advertising - 1427 Words

Television and the internet ads on use of marijuana Rhetorical Analysis Television and the internet is a good channel of passing the messages about the adverse effects of the use of marijuana. The office of the National Drug Control Policy is an American government action which depends on safeguards the health of the people of America. The above the influence initiative is a program of the not-for-profit Partnership at Drugfree.org. Their overall goal is to help teens reject negative influences of drug and alcohol. The initiative is a friendly site for the youths since it uses favorable language and identifies with the youth s lifestyle while trying to change it. Drug abuse affects everyone in the society from the young to the old. However, in recent years, the abuse of marijuana has majorly been linked to teens. Is because of the peer-pressure that spreads at an alarming rate. In the current digital world, youths are looking for information over the internet, as opposed to hard copy newspapers and magazines. The internet or the TV is mostly used by tee ns and adults in looking for new information. Advertisers on the internet compete to catch the eye of the readers. I choose two advertisements that warn people not to smoke the marijuana. The two advertisements are on the office of the National Drug Control Policy advertisement, and the other is an â€Å"above the influence. The two sites have different audiences with the latter have more appeal for the youths.Show MoreRelated‚Äà ºMass Media (Television, the Internet, Advertising) Influence Youth Too Much Nowadays.‚Äà ¹ to What Extent Is This True?794 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Mass media (television, the internet, advertising) influence youth too much nowadays.† To what extent is this true? In the recent years, the prevalence of mass media has been undeniable. All over the world, youths have access to mass media through their smartphones, television sets and computers. In such a media-driven world, it is no surprise that mass media has come to play a substantial role in the attitudes and mindsets of youth. To a large extent, mass media does have the power to influenceRead MoreThe Most Effective Form of Media Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe Most Effective Form of Media There are many different types of media. The media is things like: televisions, newspapers, magazines, radio, internet, cinema, phones and many more. Media is important because it influences people to buy products. They are very affective and appeal to many people. Adverts are things that show certain products and try to get you to buy them. The purpose of adverts is to make you buy the products being advertised so they can make a profitRead MoreAdvertising : Teens And Advertising1099 Words   |  5 Pages Ahumareze Paula 1358 English 101 M. Gonzalez Project 3: Research November 17, 2014 Word count: 872 Abstract word count: 102 TEENS AND ADVERTISING Abstract: companies have to sell their products. In order for them to, they have targeted a particular group of people which are teens. Advertisers know teens are very vulnerable, and want to be seen as â€Å"cool† and for these companies to sell their product, they (advertisers) paint this unrealistic image of a teenager, in their (teens) heads. They (advertisers)Read More Internet Advertising Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages Internet Advertising Internet Advertising is the way of the future and it is very evident since many companies and businesses have their own web sites and advertisements are located all over the World Wide Web. The Internet or World Wide Web is quickly becoming the most effective way for a business to advertise their products or services to customers. Web sites such as search engines or small sites that sell advertisement space for sponsoring are profiting highly from the increase of advertisingRead MoreAdvantages Of Using The Internet1214 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are some differences between the internet and more traditional media? What are some advantages and disadvantages of using the internet in advertising? Describe the main types of promotion used on the internet (both traditional and newer types). 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Advertising media â⠂¬Å"are the various means by which the message is communicated to the target market† (Perrault, Cannon, McCarthy, 2013). There are several aspects that an advertiser must consider when choosing the best advertising medium to use, which can change depending on the situation. One way that advertisers can ensure effectiveness in terms of their advertising media is to make sure that they give careful considerationRead MoreThe History of Advertising and Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern Advertising Techniques1744 Words   |  7 Pagesdaily papers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax, and internet. Media is now divided into two which are the traditional media and new media. The traditional media includes newspapers, books, magazines, TV, and radio while the new media includes the internet. Advertising is one example of information that is being spread to the mass audience through media. According to the dictionary, advertising is the paid, one-way marketing of giving information to the mass audience throughRead MoreNew Trends in Advertising1638 Words   |  7 Pages   II. INTRODUCTION    Advertising is a form of communication intended to persuade its viewers, readers or listeners to take some action. It usually includes the name of a product or service and how that product or service could benefit the consumer, to persuade potential customers, to purchase or to consume that particular brand. Different types of media can be used to deliver these messages, including traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and billboards.    But the trendsRead MoreBud Light s Current Advertising Strategy1623 Words   |  7 PagesBud Light’s Current Advertising Strategy Bud Light has always been known for its extensive marketing campaigns; however, these campaigns come with a large price tag. Anheuser-Busch spent nearly $250 million in 2013 to promote and advertise the Bud Light brand, more than $100 million more than Miller Light, who had the second highest advertising expenditures (Johnson 34). Bud Light’s most recent promotion has been targeted toward Millennials and has been dubbed â€Å"WhateverUSA.† Bud Light took

I Interned For The Copa Shorts Film Festival Essay

I interned for the COPA shorts film festival from August to December. I was a film reviewer, and my duties and responsibilities were to essentially review any short films that were assigned to me, and then write a review and rate them accordingly. I would be emailed whenever a new film was sent to me via a website called FilmFreeway. Because my internship was primarily an online one, my schedule was flexible, which gave me the opportunity to work at my own pace, rather than at a fixed time every week. I was work around 4-5 (maybe more, depending on how long the film is) hours a week, reviewing any films that came my way. Shelley, my internship supervisor, understood that I was a full-time student and made sure that I was given ample time to watch and review these films. The way the website operated was that I would sign into my account, and all of the videos that are assigned to me would be available for viewing. I would watch the films as many times as I felt necessary. If I watched a film more than 4-5 times, that usually meant that I found it perplexing, and difficult to understand. After I am done viewing these films numerous times, I would take time to contemplate what I wanted to say about this film. I would write down bullet points about what I wanted to say for my review. I would then take these bullet points and attempt to write a rough draft of a cohesive review. I would read over the draft, and skim past the film to see if there’s anything I missed. I would then

Relationship Centered Model of Care in Dementia and the...

Postgraduate Programme Assessment Submission (Students should retain a copy of all assessments) Registration Number: 1921158 Module Code: HWOP02 Assessment Number: Spring 2014 HWOP02: A1 Assessment Title: Relationship Centered Model of Care in Dementia and the Six Senses Framework Number of Words: 4193 Work which is submitted for assessment must be your own work. All students should note that the University has a formal policy on plagiarism which can be found at http://www.quality.stir.ac.uk/ac-policy/assessment.php. Anticipating and enhancing the health and wellbeing of the older person with dementia in hg HWOP02 A1 Alzheimer’s Scotland (2014) estimate that there are 88,000 people in Scotland with†¦show more content†¦For an individual with dementia person centred care is characterised by the need to value people with dementia, to treat them as individuals, to view the world from their perspective and to create a positive environment (Brooker 2004). Sheard (2004) review on health services found that often services consider the needs of people with dementia and their carers separately. Kitwood’s (1997) approach offers all health care professionals a way to care for an individual with dementia, however it does not take into consideration the importance of the interaction among people as the foundation of any therapeutic or healing activity in health care. Post (2001) supports this statement and suggests that living with dementia is not about quality of life but rather about quality of lives. Wadensten and Carlsson (2003) suggestion that the most common models of nursing deme ntia patients provide little more than guidance on how to work positively with older adults. Sheard (2004) therefore called for a development of an approach where an individual with dementia is seen within the context of important and significant relationships. Nolan et al. (2004) therefore argues that RCC is one of the most comprehensive ways of doing this in order to promote a more holistic vision of health care to include; social, economic, environmental and culture into care practice. RCC was developed by the Pew-Fetzer Task Force (1994) who examined how relationships formed between patient andShow MoreRelatedTHERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP2921 Words   |  12 PagesA STRUCTURED REFLECTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP WITH A CLIENT In this essay, I am going to give a structured reflective account on the development of a therapeutic relationship with a client on one of my clinical placements as part of my training as a student nurse. 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R. 3962 To provide affordable, quality health care for all Americans and reduce the growth in health care spending, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OCTOBER 29, 2009 Mr. DINGELL (for himself, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California, Mr. STARK, Mr. PALLONE, and Mr. ANDREWS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education

Information and Communication Technologies †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Information and Communication Technologies. Answer: Introduction Hilton Hotels and Resorts is one of the most popular and iconic global brand. The company was originally founded by Conrad Hilton. Hiltons have more than 570 properties in 85 countries and territories across six continents. This company is managed, owned and franchised by independent operators of Hilton. It is one of the largest brands in the world. This brand targets both the leisure travelers and business travelers with locations in the major centers in the city, convention centers. In this report it talks about the unique campaign strategy that the industry can refer to. $ 65 billion revenue source had been tapped by secondary research produced on LGBT travelers. (Liu et al. 2015) Report is used as a resource that is producing the statement that 94 percent of the LGBT audience will go out of their way to purchase services aimed toward them. This is an innovative campaign and therefore there are no hardcore output objectives. This campaign has numerical goals listed, the impact of the goal is assumed o be larger and should have a positive impact. This report will show how the LGBT travelers might respond, and thereafter they it will give output goals and will show the segmentation of their market. One of the main objectives of this campaign is to enter the LGBT conversation and finally establish the travel consideration among the audience. This will also show that ho the company gives importance to this segment of the society. In general the main objective of this campaign were kept abstract, as Hilton was testing something whose result was unexpected and they can only hope for a positive result (Minazzi and Lagrosen 2013). Promotional Campaign Strategy The key factor of this strategy is the participation of the individual hotel. There will be sensitivity training which will make the new targeted LGBT training more comfortable. Even though Hilton Hotels is an iconic hotel which attracts people from all over the brand but to get more visitors and to get all kinds of customers they focused on this section of the society, who are often ignored. They have gone through different kind of research to see the how this strategy will work. In quantitative research it was shown that secondary research will produce on LGBT travelers (Winston and Cahill 2013). This campaign will show that Hilton genuinely values this particular campaign as it deals with a sensitive issue as well. The main idea of this campaign is to make sure that people should choose Hilton and then go out, this basically pointed out to the LGBT experience that is coming out. This campaign package included several offers. They are giving ten percent off with the best rate avail able, double points for Hilton Honors for the brands loyalty program, free hold on the their most read gay magazine for one year, free internet and they can checkout according to them (Verhoef and Lemon 2013). They are putting up posters and banners as well as giving advertisement for this campaign to attract customers in a wide range. In order to appeal to this new market, specific communications, marketing techniques must be incorporated to make sure the campaign is promoted and marketed in the correct way. It is important advertise as it is the main tool for promotion and therefore it is used in this strategy (Baran and Galka 2013). stated that advertising can assist in building in long-term image of a product and in this case particularly it can help to enlarge the image of Hilton Hotels. It is important to advertise in the correct market and to make sure that the message is received rightly. If the market gets the right message and can enhance and spread a positive thought amon g the people through their advertisement, then it is believed that they will be more eager to purchase the idea of the hotel because of the coverage of the advertisement. (Minazzi and Lagrosen 2013) In this campaign the target market is decided but yet there is a question of who is going to be the potential user of this specific service. According to this promotional campaign the main target market is the LGBT community. Hilton wants to get as much exposure as it can. This process of the segmentation of market absorbs dividing the market into different groups or segments depending on the characteristic of the specific market. Like this the most suitable and attractive segments comes into being based on the services that are being given in the campaign to make it more efficient and effective. The market segmentation is generally divided into four groups i.e. demographic, geographic, psychographic and benefited oriented. For example in America and London, Hilton hotels are found most popular in terms of business and travel location. The LGBT right is also a concern in America and therefore for this particular campaign it has to be mostly for the American bases market and not in India. The demographic section deals with the segment which includes age, gender, social class, income, lifestyle and gender. In this perspective for this campaign the main target will be young people who want to travel and yet have a luxurious stay while they are opting for Hilton Hotels. However their target market will mainly depend on the demographic section, which deals with the thinking of a person and their personality as this campaign is basically an abstract thought which sells idea that encourages travelers and also enters the boarder of the LGBT conversation among the audience. The benefit segmentation deals with the executing market segmentation and thereafter on the basis of those benefits the customers come to use that service or product offered by the company. In this campaign Hilton is offering some real benefits for their customers who also include a sense of luxury and high status. Even though by mentioning the LGBT right it might come across that the hotel is aiming for a particular section of people, however that is not the entire case. This campaign is for all the people who love to travel. The market of traveler is huge and untouched, therefore it can provide with an approximate numbers as well. The staple of any campaign is the social media and hence it should be utilized and more importantly in this campaign where the main goal is to become important to the LGBT segment and their loyalty for the brand. Communication Objectives In order to establish the objectives of communication, it is important to understand where the target audience stands in comparison with the knowledge about the campaign. Here the LGBT segment is the main target that is being acknowledged by the Hilton Hotel because it is essential for the communication objectives to be about awareness. Hilton engages in both media and print advertising to communicate its marketing message to the target customer segment. The marketing communication of Hilton stresses on the message of highest standard of service condition, high level of integration of information technology in order to maximize service personalization and the perception of recognition, achievement and status. This campaign message is communicated through a set of specific fundaments of advertising promotional strategy such as advertisements in magazines and newspapers popular with senior level management professionals such as the The Economist, Financial Times, Fortune and Forbes. This promotion is done to persuade and manipulate potential customers to purchase service o products through introducing various offers and incentive (Hoque 2013). They offer various kinds of loyalty programs, discounts and free digital check in, free internet access, late check out and various such other offers (Huang and Cai 2015). They do the promotion by giving discount vouchers, and giving a wide range of discount websites. Hilton Hotels and Resorts gain practical advantages from using sales promotion in the form of increasing the level of revenues and achieving utilization of their rooms at a greater extend. Nevertheless, it is to be taken into account that by introducing aggressive sales promotion, Hilton is encouraging variety of customers to come and join them. However it might risk their brand value as they might give service in a cheaper price and in that respect they might compromise their level of exclusiveness of the brand. This sales promotion might be for a short time advantage and therefore marketing mix is important to see the framework of the campaign. This shows the promotion, place, product and price of that particular company. This 4Ps are very important to analyze the validity of the campaign. Hilton Hotel sells their service to corporations as well as individuals. Most of their service are offered on the basis of availability and thus are offered to prior booking. The competitiveness of the hotel is boosted by its ability to provide service beyond the experience of the customer (Armstrong 2015). Due to its brand name which is present in all over the world the level of expectation from this campaign is much high. This campaign will help the company to understand that they value their customer and think about them. This is an area where the company has applied rigorous measures to assure customer involvement and contentment. There are a lot of travelers the whole world wide and therefore this campaign might make them enthusiastic. The LGBT segment of the campaign have a made sure that it shows that the hotels thinks about all part of the society and is eager to welcome them in their plan. However this campaign will give an even rooms, accommodation rooms are valued at the fixed values. For the promotional campaign they are using their own rooms and have invited people to take part in it. The best things Hilton accomplished through this campaign are the sweepstakes. It will have the flexibility of the hotels prices which is determined by the profile of their customers. They will give special pricing offers to their traveling customer in order to keep the customers. The hotel has the majority of its subsidiaries located in UK at the heart of cities with near to airports and also in the most lively part of the city is mainly due to its features, which comprises casinos hotels, airport hotels and resort hotels, which make it easier for these travelers to access this hotel (Fan, Lau and Zhao 2015). They have an upper hand in this promotional plan as their targeted customers will get easy access in the company. The marketing coverage is achieved in a company through marketing and sales staff that are sent to other companies to market the service offered by the hotel. These are the chief marketing communication with an organization owing to event booking to ensure the accelerate planning. The promotional strategy is done by the company as an incentive trips. These trips are normally focused on potential customers (Lu et al. 2013). These LGBT travelers will be given vouchers and deluxe packaging that will ensure potential customers who will prefer this hotel over others for recognizing them (Leonidou et al. 2013). The company will also give a discount program for these LGBT travelers that will be designated in specific period such as in the festive seasons when the chances of travelling is high. It will also offer a 50% discount to those customers who will become a member or gold customers of the hotel. Communication Channel To set up this promotional campaign there have to be specific mode of communication channels that needs to be selected. It will use both personal and non personal communication for the duration of this campaign. Most of the major media advertisement will be used in the form of magazines and bill boards in order to advertise the campaign. This personal communication will be advertised through their app Hilton HHonors, they are also distributing pamphlets on roads, events and even in malls (Lwin and Phau 2013). This campaign will last for one month from the beginning of September 2017 to the end of September 2017. They are putting up posters on the billboards of the airports where they will seek most of the attention to shopping malls, historical places and on all the premium locations in order to seek the attention of the people. Placing the advertisement in a specific high traffic location will allow the campaign to be more effective as this will give time for the travelers to process the advertisement (Labrecque et al. 2013). The public relation of the campaign of this campaign is one of the best, Hilton is anyway already known for its best PR team, their work is not only appreciated in UK but globally. They will provide a membership card for their customers which are going to be a gate pass which will allow the customers to enter the hotels without any long channel for registration. This present the hotels publicity as a strong point, which is boosted by the fact that most dignitaries prefer the hotel while hosting their events (Armstrong 2015). Promotional Budget This campaign has a budget established for advertisement. The set budget for advertising will be limited for this campaign as their target audience is limited as well. Adding to that Hilton has vast amount of funding as it is an established and a famous hotel (Jung, Ineson and Green 2013). However the budget for this campaign is $43,000 as they are targeting a particular group of people. The first advertising form is putting up billboards in all the prime places. The personal advertisement i.e. billboards and posters which will cost $5, 500 and the non personal advertisement which includes an 30 seconds as well as a surprise headliners concert later on this month, which aims to instruct travelers on the prices and perks which will cost $ 24,000. As this campaign will run for one month which is 4 weeks, there it will cost $7,600. This effort will have international reach, it will be on newspapers, magazines, digital buys and local radio and as well as on property placements in Hilton hotels. The budget for commercial and print campaign will be photographed and filmed in London, New York, Thailand, Singapore and will be translated to 20 different languages globally, this will cost around $34,000. Though this campaign is London-based still its marketing is done globally. The Hilton HHonors members with this campaign can receive an exclusive discount on room rates if they book directly from their website (Adamopoulos and Todri 2015). Through this campaign the company has taken a very bold step by promoting this campaign idea but the company has a lot of hopes in this campaign and they believe that it will bring profit to the company (Lee et al. 2014). As they have their own magazine so there they will get a cost cut but however the events that is going to take place. The dynamism will increase the market coverage for the hotel, this campaign has incorporated innovative ideas in their approach of service dynamism is essential in order to maintain the hotels competitiveness in the industry. In their campaign they have incorporated technological aspects of innovativeness in order to manage customer demands and needs. Hilton Hotel has invested in their technologically i.e. their app through which they can connect to their customers, the official websites from where there customers can directly book their rooms, they have their own web portal has well. This campaign will increase their customers and will also show tha t they value all types of customers, all different types of customers (Fan, Lau and Zhao 2015). The ultimate goals of this campaign are to improve the productivity and the profitability of the hotel. This campaign will increase income from these travelers who travels in the low seasons when the room is booked at the lowest price. The budget plan gives an outline of the total estimated budget starting from their basic cost to their main cost. They have done online advertisement as well by mainly using social media, which cost around $800 (See Appendix 4) This budget division By this it will increase the level of exposure of the hotel to its customers. Conclusion The promotional campaign is for the growth of the company and also to show that the company respects this LGBT segment of the society and to help them. They already have a well established market which makes their work easier as they know that they already have their loyal customers and brand recognition. This promotional marketing plan is targeting the LGBT travelers, being on a flight they can read about the campaign from the travel magazine. This report has covered all the parts of the campaign; it has marketing strategies and objectives. It has given the marketing mix i.e. the 4Ps just to understand the growth and the outcome of this campaign. However it is important to see that the campaign is strong and mindful and gives a good competition to their other competitors. The inspiration of this campaign was to gain 50 billion Hilton HHonors Points and to gain more customers through this task. The current budget policy is fixated for one month of the campaign which might increase th e profitability of the market. This campaign also might increase the efficiency of the hotels and will boost the sales during the peak season; however the price will depend on the daily demands. References: Adamopoulos, P. and Todri, V., 2015, August. The effectiveness of marketing strategies in social media: Evidence from promotional events. InProceedings of the 21th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining(pp. 1641-1650). ACM. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Baran, R.J. and Galka, R.J., 2013.CRM: the foundation of contemporary marketing strategy. Routledge. Fan, S., Lau, R.Y. and Zhao, J.L., 2015. Demystifying big data analytics for business intelligence through the lens of marketing mix.Big Data Research,2(1), pp.28-32. Hoque, K., 2013.Human resource management in the hotel industry: Strategy, innovation and performance. Routledge. Huang, Z.J. and Cai, L.A., 2015. Modeling consumer-based brand equity for multinational hotel brandsWhen hosts become guests.Tourism Management,46, pp.431-443. Jung, T.H., Ineson, E.M. and Green, E., 2013. Online social networking: Relationship marketing in UK hotels.Journal of Marketing Management,29(3-4), pp.393-420. Labrecque, L.I., vor dem Esche, J., Mathwick, C., Novak, T.P. and Hofacker, C.F., 2013. Consumer power: Evolution in the digital age.Journal of Interactive Marketing,27(4), pp.257-269. Lee, J.J., Capella, M.L., Taylor, C.R. and Gabler, C.B., 2014. The financial impact of loyalty programs in the hotel industry: A social exchange theory perspective.Journal of Business Research,67(10), pp.2139-2146. Leonidou, L.C., Leonidou, C.N., Fotiadis, T.A. and Aykol, B., 2015. Dynamic capabilities driving an eco-based advantage and performance in global hotel chains: The moderating effect of international strategy.Tourism Management,50, pp.268-280. Leonidou, L.C., Leonidou, C.N., Fotiadis, T.A. and Zeriti, A., 2013. Resources and capabilities as drivers of hotel environmental marketing strategy: Implications for competitive advantage and performance.Tourism Management,35, pp.94-110. Leonidou, L.C., Leonidou, C.N., Fotiadis, T.A. and Zeriti, A., 2013. Resources and capabilities as drivers of hotel environmental marketing strategy: Implications for competitive advantage and performance.Tourism Management,35, pp.94-110. Liu, W., Guillet, B.D., Xiao, Q. and Law, R., 2014. Globalization or localization of consumer preferences: The case of hotel room booking.Tourism Management,41, pp.148-157. Lu, X., Ba, S., Huang, L. and Feng, Y., 2013. Promotional marketing or word-of-mouth? Evidence from online restaurant reviews.Information Systems Research,24(3), pp.596-612. Lwin, M. and Phau, I., 2013. Effective advertising appeals for websites of small boutique hotels.Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing,7(1), pp.18-32. Minazzi, R. and Lagrosen, S., 2013. Investigating social media marketing in the hospitality industry: Facebook and European hotels. InInformation and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014(pp. 145-157). Springer, Cham. Minazzi, R. and Lagrosen, S., 2013. Investigating social media marketing in the hospitality industry: Facebook and European hotels. InInformation and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014(pp. 145-157). Springer, Cham. Verhoef, P.C. and Lemon, K.N., 2013. Successful customer value management: Key lessons and emerging trends.European Management Journal,31(1), pp.1-15. Winston, W. and Cahill, D.J., 2013.How consumers pick a hotel: strategic segmentation and target marketing. Routledge.

The Trojan War Essay Example

The Trojan War Paper Approximately thirty centuries ago, on a distant land known as Troy, a colossal war raged between Grecians and Trojans on behalf of three discrete reasons. As a result of this war, many lives were lost but the relentless Grecians eventually triumphed after ten tumultuous years. This grave war was fought because of the capture of Helen, the most beautiful and benevolent woman in all of Greece. It is said that the apprehension of Helen was a result of the tragic curse on the House of Atreuis. However, others believe the Trojan War occurred on account of Heracles mercy. Some still think the second collapse of Troy happened because of Paris’s gluttonous ruling. There could be an ample amount of reasons that can determine why exactly the Trojan War started, but the three primary reasons were, the First of all Troy, the Judgement of Paris, and the solemn curse on the House of Atreuis. As the common idea of most societies even today, this is the world of men. Women are born in order to serve for their men. It was not much different in the times of ancient Greece. Women didn’t have any right to vote, serve on juries or own property. We will write a custom essay sample on The Trojan War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Trojan War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Trojan War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Women in ancient Greece couldn’t manage even their own property because they didn’t have right to spend money for the expenses of their household. They always forced to have a guardian beyond themselves. The guardian of a woman before marriage was his father, and after the marriage, her husband took over her father’s job. If she was a widow, a male relative or her son took over this job. Thus in fact, women’s citizenship in Ancient Greek was under mystery. So, what are the main roles of women in Ancient Greek? The Trojan War was the greatest conflict in the Greek mythology, a war that was to influences people in literature and arts for centuries The war was fought between the Greeks and Trojans with their allies, upon a Phrygian city of Troy (Ilium), on Asia Minor (modern Turkey). The war lasted for ten years and it has been traditionally dated from 1194 to 1184 BC. The Trojan War was one of the greatest wars in the history of Ancient Greece. It probably happened between the Trojans and the Achaeans. It is mostly known through the Iliad an epic poem written by the Ancient Greek poet Homer. After the War After the war, Polyxena, daughter of Priam, was sacrificed at the tomb of Achilles and Astyanax, son of Hector, was also sacrificed, signifying the end of the war. Aeneas, a Trojan prince, managed to escape the destruction of Troy, and Virgils Aeneid tells of his flight from Troy. Many sources say that Aeneas was the only Trojan prince to survive, but this statement contradicts the common story that Andromache was married to Helenus, twin of Cassandra, after the war. Menelaus, who had been determined to kill his faithless wife, was soon taken by Helens beauty and seductiveness that he allowed her to live. The surviving Trojan women were divided among the Greek men along with the other plunder. The Greeks then set sail for home, which, for some, proved as difficult and took as much time as the Trojan War itself (e. g. , Odysseus and Menelaus). This is a difficult question to answer for several reasons. First, it is difficult to know when the Trojan war took place. So, there will be considerable debate here. Second, there was a period called the dark ages in Greek history where there was limited writing on Greek civilization. Third, the Greek world was broad. So, it is difficult to make broad statements. For these reasons, it will be difficult to know anything about the role of women for certain. In light of these three points what we have are primarily the works of Homer and what we know of classical Greek culture. Based on this little information we have we can say that women did not have too many rights from a social point of view. They were expected to keep in home and be faithful to the household and family. Penelope, the wife of Odysseus, might be the image of a perfect Greek wife. She was working on the loom and stayed faithful to Odysseus, even though Odysseus was not faithful to her. We see a very similar picture in Athens in the speeches of Lysias. His speeches are important, because there are many incidental details of social life. For example, in his speech on the murder of Eratosthenes, we can see the very domestic life of women. Some scholars even question whether women were allowed at the theater. In short, the life of women before, during, and after the Trojan was was very oppressive compared to modern day. To be sure there are counter examples of strong women, but they were the exception.